Abstract
Background Staphylococcus aureus is one of the common bacteria implicated in burn wound infections that possess the ability to form biofilms.
Aim The present study aims to isolate S. aureus to identify the Methicillin resistant Staphylococcal isolates, to compare the antibiotic susceptibility pattern between biofilm and non biofilm producers. It also aims to identify the biofilm producers by Microtitre plate method.
Settings and Design Observational study.
Materials and Methods A total of 58 S. aureus were isolated from burn wound infections. Antibiotic susceptibility testing was done by Kirby–Bauer disc diffusion method. Methicillin resistance was identified by cefoxitin disc method. All the isolates were screened for biofilm production by microtitre plate method. Statistical analysis: Fisher exact and Chi square tests. p < 0.005 is considered significant.
Results Out of the 58 isolates, 26 (44.8%) were identified as MRSA. Biofilm production was detected in 31 (53.4%) of the isolates. Good sensitivity for gentamicin 41 (70%), amikacin 42 (72.4%), cefotaxime 42 (72%) and erythromycin 37 (63.7%). There was no significant difference in the antibiotic susceptibility pattern between biofilm and non biofilm producers.
Conclusion All burn wounds should be screened for the presence of bacteria with biofilm forming ability along with the detection of drug resistance. This will support in the early identification and help in choosing the appropriate antibiotic.
Keywords
References
Church D, Elsayed S, Reid O, Winston B, Lindsay R. Burn wound infections. Clin Microbiol Rev. 2006;19(2):403–434.
Agarwal A, Jain A. Association between drug resistance & production of biofilm in staphylococci. Indian J Med Res. 2012;135:562–564.
Kaur DC, Wankhede S. Biofilm formation and antimicrobial susceptibility pattern of methicillin resistant Staphylococcus aureus from wound infection. Asian Pac J Health Sci. 2014;1(4):322–328.
Kirketerp-Møller K, Jensen PØ, Fazli M, Madsen KG, Pedersen J, Moser C, et al. Distribution, organisation and ecology of bacteria in chronic wounds. J Clin Microbiol. 2008:46(8):2717–2722.
Clinical and Laboratory Standards Institute. Performance standards for antimicrobial susceptibility testing: twenty-third informational supplement M100?S23. PA, USA. 2013.
Anand KB, Agarwal P, Kumar S, Kapila K. Comparison of cefoxitin disc diffusion test, oxacillin screen agar and PCR for mecA gene for detection of MRSA. Indian J Med Microbiol; 2009:27(1):27–29.
El Farren CA, Sekar A, Balakrishnan A, Shanmugam S, Arumugam P, Gopalswamy J. Prevalence of biofilm producing Staphylococcus epidermidis in the healthy skin of individuals in Tamil Nadu, India. Indian J Med Microbiol. 2013;31(1):19–23.
Grinholc M, Wegrzyn G, Kurlenda J. Evaluation of biofilm production and prevalence of the icaD gene in methicillin-resistant and methicillin-susceptible Staphylococcus aureus strains isolated from patients with nosocomial infections and carriers. FEMS Immunol Med Microbiol; 2007:50: 375–379.
Mehta M. Bacterial isolates from burns wound infections and their antibiogram: a eight-year study. Indian J Plastic Surg. 2007:40(1):25–28.
Okesola AO, Oni AA, Bakare RA. Prevalence and antibiotic sensitivity pattern of MRSA in Ibadan, Nigeria. J Hosp Infect.1999;41:74–75.
Ohadian Moghadam S, Pourmand MR, Aminharati F. Biofilm formation and antimicrobial resistance in methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus isolated from burn patients, Iran. J Infect Dev Ctries. 2014;8(12):1511–1517.
Indrawattana N, Sungkhachat O, Sookrung N, Chongsanguan M, Tungtrongchitr A, et al. Staphylococcus aureus clinical isolates: antibiotic susceptibility, molecular characteristics, and ability to form biofilm. Biomed Res Int. 2013;2013:314654.
Gad GF, El-Feky MA, El-Rehewy MS, Hassan MA, Abolella H et al. Detection of icaA, icaD genes and biofilm production by Staphylococcus aureus and Staphylococcus epidermidis isolated from urinary tract catheterized patients. J Infect Dev Ctries.2009;3(5):342–351.
Mathur T, Singhal S. Detection of biofilm formation among the clinical isolates of staphylococci: an evaluation of three different screening methods. Indian J Med Microbiol. 2006; 24(1):25–29.
Ansari MA, Khan HM, Khan AA, Cameotra SS, Alzohairy MA. Anti-biofilm efficacy of silver nanoparticles against MRSA and MRSE isolated from wounds in a tertiary care hospital. Indian J of Med Microbiol. 2015;33(1):101–109.
Gogoi M, Sharma A, Hazarika NK. Biofilm formation by bacterial isolates from patients on indwelling medical devices. Indian J Med Microbiol. 2015;33(2):319–34.
Smith K, Perz A. Biofilm formation by Scottish isolates of Staphylococcus aureus. J Med Microbiol. 2008;57:1018–23.
Singh V, Chauhan PK, Bodh UA, Kaushal K, Iqbal A. Isolation and antibiogram pattern of methicillin resistant Staphylococcus aureus causing wound infection. Int J Anal Pharm Biomed Sci. 2012;1(1):18–21.
Sasirekha B, Usha MS, Amruta AJ, Ankit S, Brinda N, Divya R. Evaluation and comparison of different phenotypic tests to detect methicillin resistant Staphylococcus aureus and their biofilm production. Int J Pharm Technol Res. 2012;4(2):532–541.
Sanchez CJ Jr, Mende K, Beckius ML, Akers KS, Romano DR et al. Biofilm formation by clinical isolates and the implications in chronic infections. BMC Infect Dis. 2013;13:47.
Jain A, Agarwal A. Biofilm production, a marker of pathogenic potential of colonizing and commensal staphylococci. J Microbiol Methods. 2009;76:88–92.
Refbacks
- There are currently no refbacks.
Copyright (c) 2016 Journal of Pharmaceutical and Biomedical Sciences
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0 International License.