Cervical Lymphadenopathy and Its Management: An Interventional Study

Abstract

Background Cervical lymphadenopathy refers to lymphadenopathy of the cervical lymph
nodes (the glands in the neck), the term lymphadenopathy strictly speaking refers to
disease of the lymph nodes.
Objectives To diagnose the causes of the cervical lymphadenopathy and the management
of this problem.
Methods This is an interventional study on 40 patients with cervical lymphadenopathy
from January 2015 to December 2015.
Results Forty patients were studied, 30 female (75%) and 10 male (25%), and female
to male ratio 3:1. The age ranged from 1 to 70 years, with a mean age of 20 years
+5 years. The majority being in the 1st decade of life constituting 10 patients (25%).
Also our study showed that the causes of the cervical lymphadenopathy are reactive
adenitis 12 patients (30%) followed by acute bacterial suppurative adenitis 10 patients
(25%), Hodgkin lymphoma 4 patients (10%), non-Hodgkin lymphoma 3 patients (7.5%),
chronic non-specific adenitis 3 patients (7.5%), secondary metastases 2 patients (5%),
tuberculosis adenitis 2 patients (5%), chronic lymphocytic leukemia 1 patient (2.5%),
infectious mononucleosis 1 patient (2.5%), typhoid fever 1 patient (2.5%) and Castleman
disease 1 patient (2.5%).
Conclusion Our study showed that the causes of the cervical lymphadenopathy are
reactive adenitis, followed by acute bacterial suppurative adenitis, Hodgkin lymphoma,
non-Hodgkin lymphoma, chronic non-specific adenitis, secondary metastases, tuberculosis
adenitis, chronic lymphocytic leukemia, infectious mononucleosis, typhoid fever and
Castelman disease. In our study we considered the incisional or excisional biopsy with or
without Fine-needle aspiration cytology before it, and it is the best diagnostic methods to
diagnose the pathology of the lymphadenopathy, and all patients are treated according to
his or her condition and there was no death rate during our study.