Abstract
Objective Vegetable drugs are taken recurrently to improve or cure pathological processes, without any scientific knowledge of their pharmacodynamic activities.
The aim of this study was to evaluate the effects of Aristolochia albida used in virus hepatitis treatment, on the liver and kidneys.
Material and Methods Carbon tetrachloride (CCL4) is used to induce toxicity whose main target organs are liver and kidney (hepatoxicity and nephrotoxicity). After poisoning (CCL4), the animals are treated curatively with the extracts, according to the model of Fleurentin and Joyeux. All data is processed using Microsoft Excel 2010 and was analyzed by One-Way Analysis of the variance (ANOVA) followed by Tukey's post-test for the comparison of the averages. The threshold of significance is 5%. Experimental The hepatic and renal parameters investigated are transaminases (ASAT, ALAT), alkaline phosphatase (PAL), bilirubin (free and conjugated), urea, total protein, creatinine. Several doses (250 mg/kg, 500 mg/kg, 750 mg/kg) of the ethanolic extract of A. albida were used to evaluate effective dose for liver and kidneys.
Results Biochemical analysis show a significant decrease in transaminases (ASAT, ALAT), alkaline phosphatase (PAL), bilirubin (free and conjugated) at 750 mg/kg. Concerning renal parameters, we notice that A. albida don’t reduce significantly urea level.
Conclusion The ethanolic extract of P. amarus protect liver against the oxidative stress of CCL4 at 750 mg/kg and has no beneficial effect on the kidneys at this dose.
Keywords
Full Text:
References
Gupta RK, Kesari AN, Watal G, Murthy PS, Chandra R, Tandon V. Nutritional and hypoglycemic effect of fruit pulp of Annona squamosa in normal healthy and alloxan-induced diabetic rabbits.Ann Nutr Metab. 2005;46:407–413.
Tounkara B. Etude phytochimique et activités biologiques de cinq plantes utilisées dans le traitement traditionnel du paludisme au Mali. Thèse d’Etat de Pharmacie, FMPOS, Université de Bamako. 2008;127.
APG. An update of the Angiosperm Phylogeny Group classification for the orders and families of flowering plants: APG III. Bot J Linean Soc. 2009;61:105–121.
Khan ME, Toma I, Shingu DY, Wazis CH. Antiplasmodial activity of the methanol extract of the roots of Aristolochia albida in Albino Swiss mice. J Biol Sci Bioconserv. 2012;4:26–38.
Guinnin FDF, Sacramento TI, Ategbo JM, Agbangnan CDP.Physico-chemical composition and radical-scavenging activity evaluation of the extracts of Aristolochia albida Duch. (Aristolochiaceae) of Benin. J Appl Biosci. 2016;107:10460–10470.
Fleurentin J, Joyeux M. Les tests in vivo et in vitro dans l’évaluation des propriétés anti-hépatotoxiques de substances d’origine naturelle. Ethnopharmacologie: Sources, méthodes, objectifs.Actes du 1er colloque européen d’Ethnopharmacologie, Metz,22–25 mai. 1990. Ed. ORSTOM, 248–269.
Sodipo OA, Abdulrahman FI, Alemika TE, Gulani IA. Chemical composition and biological properties of the petroleum ether extract of Solanum macrocarpum L. (Local Name: Gorongo).Br J Pharm Res. 2012;2:108–128.
Sangare MM, Bayala B, Ategbo JM, Lokof, Dramane K L Effets de l’extrait aqueux de Gomphrenacelosioides (amaranthaceae) surles enzymes hépatiques. Afrique Sci. 2012;08(3):107–115.
Akram E, Pejman M, Masoud ET, Ali HR, Shahabaldin S. Hepatoprotective effects of pantothenic acid on carbon tetrachloride-induced toxicity in rats. EXCLI J. 2012;11:748–759.
Visioli F, Galli C. Biological properties of olive oil phytochemicals.Crit Rev Food Sci Nutr. 2002;42:209–221.
Nakbi A, Tayeb W, Grissa A, Issaoui M, Dabbou S, Chargui I, Ellouz M. Effects of olive oil and its fractions on oxidative stress and the liver’s fatty acid composition in 2,4-Dichlorophenoxyacetic acid-treated rats. Nutr Metab. 2010;7:80.
Brent JA, Rumack BH. Role of free radicals in toxic hepatic injury II. Are free radicals the cause of toxin-induced liver injury? J Toxicol Clin Toxicol. 1993;31:173–96.
Halliwell B, Gutteridge JM. Role of free radicals and catalytic metal ions in human disease: An overview. Methods Enzymol.1990;186:1–85.
Conso F. Dérivés halogénés des hydrocarbures. In Bismut C. Ed.Toxicologie clinique. 5e éd. Paris : Médecine-Sciences Flammarion,2000; p. 802.
Collat. 1999. Hépatite et travail: foie et toxiques d’origine professionnelle,http://www.hepatitis.org/hepaetravail_fr.htm (Visitéle 1er octobre 2011).
Testud F. Pathologie toxique professionnelle et environnementale.Editions Aska : Paris. 2005; p. 672.
Patrick IKC, Wegwu MO, Ayalogu EO. Prevention of CCl4-induced liver damage by ginger, garlic and vitmin E. Pak J Biol Sci. 2007;10:617–621.
Hegde K, Joshi AB. Hepatoprotective effect of Carissa carandas root extract against CCl4 and paracetamol induced hepatic oxidative stress. India J Exp Biol. 2009;47:660–667.
Recknagel RO, Glende EA, Jr, Dolak JA, Waller RL. Mechanisms of CCl4 toxicity. Pharmacol Ther. 1989;43:139–154.
Sanzgiri UY, Srivatsan V, Muralidhara S, Dallas CE, Bruckner JV. Uptake, distribution, and elimination of carbon tetrachloride in rat tissues following inhalation and ingestion exposures. Toxicol Appl Pharmacol. 1997;143:120–129.
Jaramillo-Juárez F, Rodríguez-Vázquez ML, Rincón-Sánchez AR, Consolación Martínez M, Ortiz GG, Llamas J, et al. Acute renal failure induced by carbon tetrachloride in rats with hepatic cirrhosis. Ann Hepatol. 2008;7:331–338.
Abraham P, Wilfred G, Cathrine SP. Oxidative damage to the lipids and proteins of the lungs, testis and kidney of rats during carbon tetrachloride intoxication. Clinica Chimica Acta.1999;289:177–179.
Achliya GS, Wadodkar SG, Dorle AK. Evaluation of hepatoprotective effect of Amalkadi Ghrita against carbon tetrachlorideinduced hepatic damage in rats. J Ethnopharmacol. 2004;90:229–232.
Elmowafy M, Viitala T, Ibrahim HM, Abu-Elyazid SK, Samy A, Kassem A, et al. Silymarin loaded liposomes for hepatic targeting:in vitro evaluation and HepG2 drug uptake. Eur J Pharm Sci.2013;50:161–171.
Simeonova R, Vitcheva V, Kondeva BM, Krasteva I, Manov V, Mitcheva M. Hepatoprotective and antioxidant effects of saponarin, isolated from Gypsophila trichotoma wend. on paracetamol-induced liver damage in rats. BioMed Res Int. 2013;2013:757126.
Binda D, Nicod L, Viollon-Abadie C, Rodriguez S, Berthelot A, Coassolo P, et al. Strain difference (WKY, SPRD) in the hepatic antioxidant status in rat and effect of hypertension(SHR, DOCA). Ex vivo and in vitro data. Mol Cell Biochem.2001;218:139–146.
Bosisio E, Benelli C, Pirola O. Effect of the flavanolignans of Silybum marianum L. on lipid peroxidation in rat liver microsomes and freshly isolated hepatocytes. Pharm Res. 1992;25:147–154.
Yuan L, Gu X, Yin Z, Kang W. Antioxidant activities in vitro and hepatoprotective effects of Nelumbo nucifera leaves in vivo. Afr J Tradit Complement Altern Med. 2014;11:85–91.
Gu F, Gu X, Xu Q, Kang WY. Antioxidant activity in vitro and hepatoprotective effect of Phlomis maximowiczii in vivo. Afr J Tradit Complement Altern Med. 2014;11:46–52.
Dahiru D, Mamman DN, Wakawa HY. Ziziphus mauritiana fruit extract inhibits CCl4-induced hepatotoxicity in male rats. Pak J Nutr. 2010;9:990–993.
Kulkarni YR, Bhalchandrakk, Pandurang H, Patil RR. Evaluation of nephroprotective and anti-nephrotoxic properties of Rakta punarnava Roots (Boerhaavia diffusa, L.) in drug-induced nephrotoxicity. Int Res J Pharm. 2012;3:329–334
Showkat AG, Ehtishamul H, Abid H, Yasrib Q, Zahid M, Bilal AZ,Akbar M, Mohmmad AZ. Carbon tetrachloride induced kidney and lung tissue damages and antioxidant activities of the aqueous rhizome extract of Podophyllum hexandrum. BMC Complement Altern Med. 2011;11:17.
Rahmat AA, DarF A, Choudhary IM. Protection of CCl4-induced liver and kidney damage by phenolic compounds in leaf extracts of Cnestis ferruginea (de Candolle) Pharmacognosy Res. 2014;6:19–28.
Perrone RD, Madias NE, Levey AS. Serum creatinine as an index of renal function: New insights into old concepts. ClinChem.1992;38:1933–1953.
Banfi G, Del FM. Relation between serum creatinine and body mass index in elite athletes of different sport disciplines. Br J Sports Med. 2006;40:675–678.
Okokon JE, Simeon JO, Umoh EE. Hepatoprotective activity of the extract of Homaliumletestui stem against
paracetamol-induced liver injury. Avicenna J Phytomed. 2017;7:27–36.
Sujiajj, Vimalastalin R. Nephroprotective activity of Aristolochia indica leaf extract against gentamicin induced renal dysfunction. Int J Res Biochem Biophys. 2014;4:13–18.
Refbacks
- There are currently no refbacks.
Copyright (c) 2017 Journal of Pharmaceutical and Biomedical Sciences
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0 International License.