Abstract
Context To study the prevalence of thyroid dysfunction in type-2 diabetics and spectrum of thyroid dysfunction in view of importance of thyroid disorders on glycemic status and complications of diabetes mellitus (DM).
Aim The aim of this study is to establish the relationship between the diabetes and thyroid dysfunction probably affected as aconsequence to the autoimmune pathology.
Settings and Design It was a case control study done in the Department of General Medicine, MKCG Medical College, a tertiary care hospital of southern Odisha.
Patients and Methods A total of 50 cases (diagnosed case of type-2 DM) and 50 healthy controls were taken in consideration randomly. Thyroid function tests were done using chemiluminescence assay. Then it was analysed statistically after tabulation.
Statistical Analysis Used Statistical analysis was done using Chi-square test for categorical variables. Student’s t-test was used for finding significance between the means. A ‘P-value of <0.05’ was considered significant.
Results Thyroid dysfunction was found to be more in type-2 DM (16%) than in healthy controls (4%) which was significant. Among those diabetic patients with thyroid dysfunction, 6 (75%) out of 8 were females. The mean BMI was high in diabetic patients with thyroid dysfunction. The HbA1c levels in patients who had thyroid dysfunction were high. Those with thyroid dysfunction had a mean total cholesterol level higher than euthyroid diabetics and controls. Goitre was found to be present in 4% of cases of type-2 DM.
Conclusion Type-2 DM and thyroid diseases have a significant association. Subclinical hypothyroidism and hypothyroidism (overt) were the commonest thyroid abnormality in type-2 DM. Thyroid dysfunction was associated with worsening dyslipidemia in type-2 DM.
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References
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