Comparing Thyroid Abnormalities with Severity of Chronic Renal Failure

Abstract

Background Thyroid dysfunction affects renal physiology and development, whereas kidney disease could result in thyroid dysfunction. Disorders of the thyroid and kidney may co-exist with common etiological factors. In addition, treatment strategies of one disease may affect those of other organ. Decrease in iodothyronines is associated with reduced blood flow to kidneys and decreased glomerular filtration rate(GFR) along with alteration in tubular reabsorption resulting in decrease in water excretion. Aim To estimate thyroid hormone levels i.e. T3, T4 & TSH in CRF. Methods An observational study was carried out at the Dr. Panjabrao Deshmukh Memorial Medical College, Amravati, Maharashtra in and out patients of the dialysis unit. The study was carried out for a period from 12th of August, 2019 to 12th of December 2019.  The patients were divided into two groups namely case and control with 35 male patients each. In the case group patients having serum creatinine >5.5md/dl and urea >55 mg/dl with symptoms of chronic renal failure were included. However, in the control group 35 healthy male patients were included in the study. Results It was identified that Serum creatinine and T3 and Serum creatinine and T4 showed negative correlation. This implies that if the serum creatinine level rises T3  and T4  levels will fall and vice versa. In the case group majority of the patients had normal thyroid function while 14.28% had hypothyroidism. Hypothyroidism was present in 5 of the patients with serum creatinine >6.0 mg/dl. Conclusion In the light of the results it was identified that the mean T3 and T4 levels decreased while TSH levels increased significantly in the case group as compared to the control group. Furthermore, it was identified in the study that the levels of T3, T4 decreased and TSH increased as severity renal failure increased.