Effects of Aqueous Root Extract of Annona Senegalensis on Bitisarietans Venom Protease and Phospholipase A2 Activities

Nwune Hope Chinyere; Mohammed Adamu Milala; Hassan Zannah

Effects of Aqueous Root Extract of Annona Senegalensis on Bitisarietans Venom Protease and Phospholipase A2 Activities

Nwune Hope Chinyere, Mohammed Adamu Milala, Hassan Zannah

Abstract

The aqueous root extract of Annona senegalensis was investigated for its inhibitory activity towards Bitisarietans venom protease and phospholipase A2 activity (PLA2). The activities of protease and phospholipase A2 (V0) were determined in the presence and absence of various concentrations of the root extract. The phytochemical screening and elemental analysis of the extract revealed the presence of flavonoids, tannins, steroids, saponins, terpenoid, Zn, Cr, Ni, Cd, Mn, Fe and Na. The results showed that Bitisarietans venom protease had a Vmax, KM and Kcat of 0.062 ± 0.013 ?mol/min, 0.496 ± 0.095 mg/ml and 0.13 ± 0.001 min?1, respectively. The Bitisarietans phospholipase A2 had a Vmax, KM and Kcat of 3.270 ± 0.030 ?mol/min, 8.358 ± 0.050 mg/ml and 0.39 ± 0.002 ?mol/min, respectively. The aqueous root extract produced a statistically significant (P < 0.05) decrease in the Vmax, KM and Kcat of Bitisarietans venom phospholipase A2 activity and a statistically significant increase in the Vmax, KM and Kcat of Bitisarietans venom protease. The results suggest that the aqueous root extract of Annona senegalensis inhibited the Bitisarietans venom phospholipase A2 activity in an uncompetitive manner while the protease activity was stimulated by the extract. It was observed that the root of Annona senegalensis may be important in the treatment of snakebites.

Keywords

Annona senegalensis, Bitisarietans, antivenom, protease, phospholipase A2

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