Abstract
in intensive care medicine. The present study focused on the isolation and identification of novel organisms of the genus Streptomyces and their evaluation for antifungal activities. One hundred actinomycetes were isolated from Mexican soil samples and identified by using two pairs of specific primers: (a) a pair of primers for the class Actinobacteria and (b) for the family Streptomycetaceae; all the isolates selected were found to contain LLA 2pm in their cell walls, a -wall chemical marker for Streptomyces. The isolates were then assigned to 38 multimembered groups on the basis of their morphological properties
and one representative of each subgroup tested on in vitro antibiosis methods for antifungal–antiyeast activities. 97.4% and 81.6% of the isolates showed activity against the type strains of Aspergillus niger and Candida albicans, respectively. 16S rRNA gene sequencing of five isolates showed that they are closely related among each other and felt in the Streptomyces griseus subclade which is highly heterogeneous; the isolates may well represent novel species showing both antifungal and antiyeast activities, a property not fully explored for members of that Streptomycetes 16S rRNA gene subclade.
Keywords
References
Waksman SA, Henrici AT. The nomenclature and classification of the actinomycetes. J Bacteriol. 1943;46:337–41.
Lechevalier A, Lechevalier M, Gerber N. Chemical composition as a criterion in the classification of actinomycetes. Adv Appl Microbiol. 1971;14:47–72.
Williams ST, Goodfellow M, Alderson G, Wellington EM, Sneath PH, Sackin MJ. Numerical classification of Streptomyces and related genera. J Gen Microbiol. 1983;129:1743–813.
Anderson AS, Wellington EM. The taxonomy of Streptomyces and related genera. Int J Syst Evol Microbiol. 2001;51:797–814.
Goodfellow M, Kämpfer P, Busse H-J, Trujillo ME, Suzuki K-I, Ludwig W, et al., editors. Bergey’s manual of systematic bacteriology: the actinobacteria. New York: Springer; 2012.
Labeda DP, Goodfellow M, Brown R, Ward AC, Lanoot B, Vanncanneyt M, et al. Phylogenetic study of the species within the family Streptomycetaceae. Antonie Van Leeuwenhoek. 2012;101:73–104.
Castro JF, Razmilic V, Gomez-Escribano JP, Andrews B, Asenjo JA, Bibb MJ. Identification and heterologous expression of the chaxamycin biosynthetic gene cluster from Streptomyces leeuwenhoekii. Appl Environ Microbiol. 2015;81:5820–31.
Rho JR, Subramaniam G, Choi H, Kim EH, Ng SP, Yoganathan K, et al. Gargantulide A, a complex 52-membered macrolactone showing antibacterial activity from Streptomyces sp. Org Lett. 2015;17:1377–80.
Kang K, Fong WP, Tsang PW. Novel antifungal activity of purpurin against Candida species in vitro. Med Mycol. 2010;48:904–11.
Kang MJ, Strap JL, Crawford DL. Isolation and characterization of potent antifungal strains of the Streptomyces violaceusniger clade active against Candida albicans. J Ind Microbiol Biotechnol. 2010;37:35–41.
Nguyen TM, Kim J. Antifungal and antibacterial activities of Streptomyces polymachus sp. nov. isolated from soil. Int J Syst Evol Microbiol. 2015;65:2385-90.
Trejo-Estrada SR, Paszcynski A., Crawford DL. Antibiotics and enzymes produced by the biocontrol agent Streptomyces violaceusniger YCED-9. J Ind Microbiol Biotechnol. 1988;21:81–90.
Basilio A, González I, Vincent MF, Gorrochategui J, Cabello A., Genilloud O. Patterns of antimicrobial activities from soil actinomycetes isolated under different conditions of pH and salinity. J Appl Microbiol. 2003;95:814–23.
Raveh A, Delekta PC, Dobry CJ, Peng W, Schultz PJ, Blakely PK, et al. Discovery of potent broad spectrum antivirals derived from marine actinobacteria. PLoS One. 2013;8:e82318.
Kim YH, Park BS, Bhatia SK, Seo HM, Jeon JM, Kim HJ, et al. Production of rapamycin in Streptomyces hygroscopicus from glycerol-based media optimized by systemic methodology. J Microbiol Biotechnol. 2014;24:1319–26.
Trejo-Estrada SR, Sepulveda IR, Crawford DL. In vitro and in vivo antagonism of Streptomyces violaceusniger YCED9 against fungal pathogens of turfgrass. World J Microb Biotechnol. 1998;14:865–72.
Jayamurthy H, Valappil Sajna K, Dastagar SG, Pandey A. Antifungal potentials of extracellular metabolites of Western Ghats isolated Streptomyces sp. NII 1006 against moulds and yeasts. Indian J Exp Biol. 2014;52:1138–46.
Keikha N, Ayatollahi Mousavi SA, Nakhaei AR, Yadegari MH, Shahidi Bonjar GH, Amiri S. In vitro evaluation of enzymatic and antifungal activities of soil-actinomycetes isolates and their molecular identification by PCR. Jundishapur J Microbiol.2015;8:e14874.
Arendrup MC. Candida and candidaemia. Susceptibility and epidemiology. Dan Med J. 2013;60:B4698.
Vandewoude KH, Blot SI, Depuydt P, Benoit D, Temmerman W, Vogelaers D. Clinical relevance of Aspergillus isolation from respiratory tract samples in critically ill patients. Crit Care.2006;10:R31.
Richardson M, Lass-Flörl C. Changing epidemiology of systemic fungal infections. Clin Microb Infect. 2008;14:5–24.
Richardson MD. Changing patterns and trends in systemic fungal infections. J Antimicrob Chemother. 2005;56:i5–i11.
Duangmal K, Ward AC, Goodfellow M. Selective isolation of members of the Streptomyces violaceoruber clade from soil. FEMS Microbiol Lett. 2005;245:321–7.
Gordon RE, Mihm JM. Identification of Nocardia caviae (Erikson) nov comb. Ann NY Acad Sci. 1962;98:628–36.
Hayakawa M, Nonomura H. Humic-acid vitamins agar, a new medium for the selective isolation of soil actinomycetes. J Ferment Technol. 1987;65:501–9.
Hayakawa M, Nonomura H. Efficacy of artificial humic acid as a selective nutrient in HV agar used for the isolation of soil actinomycetes. J Ferment Technol. 1987;65:609–16.
Shirling EB, Gottlieb D. Methods for characterization of Streptomyces species. Int J Syst Evol Microbiol. 1966;16:313–40.
Staneck JL, Roberts GD. Simplified approach to identification of aerobic actinomycetes by thin-layer chromatography. Appl Microbiol. 1974;28:226–31.
Luna RI, Castro IC, Cortés AJL, Luna EJ, Palma RJL, Vázquez ML. Fitopatología Práctica. Ed. Academia de Fitopatología. México, DF: ENCB-IPN; 2009. pp. 87–90.
Maldonado LA, Stach JEM, Pathom-aree W, Ward AC, Bull AT, Goodfellow M. Diversity of cultivable Actinobacteria in geographically widespread marine sediments. Antonie Van Leeuwenhoek. 2005;87:11–8.
Stach JEM, Maldonado LA, Ward AC, Goodfellow M, Bull AT. New primers for the class Actinobacteria: application to marine and terrestrial environments. Environ Microbiol. 2003;5:828–41.
Monciardini P, Sosio M, Cavaletti L, Chiocchini C, Donadio S. New PCR primers for the selective amplification of 16S rDNA from different groups of actinomycetes. FEMS Microbiol Ecol. 2002;42:419–29.
Lane DJ. 16S/23S rRNA sequencing. In: Stackebrandt E, Goodfellow M, editors. Nucleic acid techniques in bacterial systematics. New York: Wiley; 1991. pp. 115–75.
Saitou N, Nei M. The neighbor-joining method: a new method for reconstructing phylogenetic trees. Mol Biol Evol. 1987;4:406–25.
Felsenstein J. Confidence limits on phylogenies: an approach using the bootstrap. Evolution. 1985;39:783–91.
Rong X, Huang Y. Taxonomic evaluation of the Streptomyces griseus clade using multilocus sequence analysis and DNA-DNA hybridization, with proposal to combine 29 species and three subspecies as 11 genomic species. Int J Syst Evol Microbiol.2010;60:696–703.
Wu X, Wen Y, Qian C, Li O, Fang H, Chen, W. Taxonomic study of a chromomycin-producing strain and reclassification of Streptomyces cavourensis subsp. washingtonensis as a later synonym of
Streptomycesgriseus. Int J Syst Evol Microbiol. 2008;58:2783–7.
Lacoske MH, Theodorakis EA. Spirotetronate polyketides as leads in drug discovery. J Nat Prod. 2015;78:562–75.
Arai M, Itoh Y, Enokita R, Takamatsu Y, Manome T. New antibiotics, enaminomycins A, B and C. I. Producing organism, fermentation and isolation. J Antibiot (Tokyo). 1978;31:829–33.
Itoh Y, Miura T, Katayama T, Haneishi T, Arai M. New antibiotics,
enaminomycins A, B and C. II. Physico-chemical and biological properties. J Antibiot (Tokyo).1978;31:834–7.
Dornberger K, Berger U, Gutsche W, Jungstand W, Wohlrabe K, Härtl A, et al. Griseorubins, a new family of antibiotics with antimicrobial and antitumour activity. II. Biological properties and antitumour activity of the antibiotic complex griseorubin. J Antibiot (Tokyo). 1980;33:9–12.
Dornberger K, Berger U, Knöll H. Griseorubins, a new family of antibiotics with antimicrobial and antitumour activity. I. Taxonomy of the producing strain, fermentation, isolation and chemical characterization. J Antibiot (Tokyo). 1980;33:1–8.
Zhao X, Li W, Jiao W, Li Y, Yuan W, Zhang Y, et al. Streptomyces xinghaiensis sp. nov., isolated from marine sediment. Int J Syst Evol Microbiol. 2009;59:2870–4.
Giroux H, Vidal P, Bouchard J, Lamy F. Degradation of Kraft indulin lignin by Streptomyces viridosporus and Streptomyces badius. Appl Environ Microbiol. 1988;54:3064–70.
Jaurin B, Forsman M, Häggström B. Beta-lactamase genes of Streptomyces badius, Streptomyces cacaoi and Streptomyces fradiae: cloning and expression in Streptomyces lividans. Biochim Biophys Acta. 1988;949:288–96.
Cole MD. Key antifungal, antibacterial and anti-insect assays – a critical review. Biochem Sys Ecol. 1994;22:837–56.
Queiroga Sarmento Guerra F, Santos Aquino de Araújo R, Pereira de Sousa J, de Oliveira Pereira F, Mendonça-Junior FJB, Barbosa-Filho J, et al. Evaluation of antifungal activity and mode of action of new coumarin derivative, 7-hydroxy-6-nitro-2H-1-benzopyran-2-one, against Aspergillus spp. Evid Based Complement Alternat Med. 2015;2015:925096.
Hadacek F, Greger H. Testing of antifungal natural products: methodologies, comparability of results and assay choice. Phytochem Anal. 2000;11:137–47.
Refbacks
- There are currently no refbacks.
Copyright (c) 2016 Journal of Pharmaceutical and Biomedical Sciences
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0 International License.